![]() ![]() Ī focal lobulated soft tissue opacity in the EAC (usually the inferior wall) with an erosion of the adjacent bony wall may represent an EAC cholesteatoma (a rare ear condition) (10). ![]() An increased density suggests myringosclerosis (calcification within the tympanic membrane) (9). If the membrane appears well-defined, it is likely thickened. The normal tympanic membrane is often faintly discernible on CT images. This membrane attaches to the tympanic annulus (fibrocartilage ligament) and measures approximately 10 mm in diameter (8). The EAC extends medially from the auricle to the tympanic membrane. The external ear includes the external auditory canal (EAC) and auricle. Several intrinsic fissures, intrinsic channels, and extrinsic sutures are often visible on CT images and can mimic fractures (pseudofractures) (7). The five osseous components of the temporal bone are the squamous, mastoid, petrous, tympanic, and styloid portions (6). The temporal bone consists of the lateral skull base, forming portions of the middle and posterior fossa (a hollow space in the skull, near the brainstem and cerebellum). It is helpful to examine the region and go through key structures in an organized and systematic fashion. There are several structures and disease entities in the temporal bone that one must be familiar with to interpret a CT imaging study. These tools provide a better demonstration of the intricate and minute temporal bone structures’ morphology, orientation, and inter-relationships in 3D space. Three-dimensional (3D) multiplanar reformatted or 3D volume-rendered CT images have recently become available to help demonstrate the temporal bone’s anatomy and pathology (5). Using intravenous contrast (iodine-based dye) to enhance the images is unnecessary for the indications (4). Images produced by the CT scan highlighting bone details are most useful for assessing and diagnosing conditions. This imaging method can visualize the temporal bone’s small and fine structures to the maximal detail. How Does a CT Scan of the Temporal Bone Work?Ī CT scan of the temporal bone is performed at a high-resolution and small field of view with thin imaging slices (0.5 mm) (3). Imaging data provided by CT scans of the temporal bone are fundamental to the diagnosis and treatment of chronic ear infections, temporal bone fractures, middle or inner ear disease, or conductive hearing loss (2). The cross-sectional images produced by the rotating X-ray beam help the radiologist determine any injury or bone abnormalities (1). The temporal bones are situated at the skull’s base and sides.ĬT scan allows the radiologist to view the different levels or slices of the skull bone’s temples or side. 3, Sigmoid sinus.Ĭomputed tomography or CT scan of the temporal bone uses X-ray technology and advanced computer software to generate detailed images of the head. CT Anatomy of temporal boneġ, Superior semicircular canal. ![]()
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